Steam-turbine.



^ No. 796,336.v PATBNTED Auml, 1905.

l' A. 'KUNZ A' l STBAM'TURBINE. APPLIOATI'DN FILED JUN-1: 16.".1904.

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' No. 796,336. i v PATBNTBD AUG. 1, 1905.

' A.KUNZ.

STEAM TURBINE. 'APPLIUATION H Lnn JUNI; 1a. 1904.

. A 1 Y y WITNSSES; mvsrworz-l v BY NM# l ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT orrion.

AD'OLF KUNZ, OFLEIPSIC-PLAGWITZ, GERMANY.

STEAM-TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

'Patented Aug. 1, 1905.y

Appiicaion mea June 16, 1904.. serai No. 212,841.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADoLF KUNZ, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Leipsic-Plagwitz,Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in'Steam and Gas'Turhines, of which the following is a specification.

In the familiar steam-turbines-as, for example, the Parson turbinewheels of increas- -ing diameter are employed for utilizing the of equal dimension and equal make and ar' ranging them alongside one another, so that each chamber contains but one step. The

passage for the steam through the chambers, however, is to be increased by mere addition of equal or uniform wheels according to the diminishing steam-pressure.

This invention is illustrated in the annexed drawings, in which-- Figure l is a longitudinal section of a turbine of the kind under consideration. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, enlarged and,r partly broken away. Fig. 4 is a transverse section of Fig. 3, exposing the face of an-intermediate disk. y

The example of steam-turbine illustrated shows a radial turbine. It consists of a number of disks A, arranged one behind the other on a common shaft. In .the example shown instead of blades, as common in steam-'turbines, channels B of slight depth are formed in the disks in suitable manner, as by stamping, etching, milling, or otherwise.4 The'several turbine-wheels could, however, be also formed in the customary way byapplying blades to the disks.

Having regard to the amount of steam supplied for the work, anumber of turbine-wheels A are arranged side by side and the steam led thereto. means of director-channels of any desired kind. It will be well to form the same as ring-shaped director-disks C, corresponding to the movable disks A and similarly formed. The supply of steam is to be radial and the The steam can vbe supplied by.

director-disks C to lie concentric` to the turbine-wheels A.

According to the diminishing steam tension the passage for the steam in each chamber l 2 3, and so on in the turbine shown is to be increased by the addition of like wheels A, so that if, for example, the first chamber l comprises four wheels A'the following chambers can be provided with wheels to the number of ve, six, and more. The more gradually that the number of wheels alongside one another increases and the flatter these wheels are the more accurate an allowance or provision can be made for the diminishing steam tension.

The steam which, for example, is led to turbine-wheels A of chamber lk through the conducting arrangement C of such chamber must now, after doing its work therein, be

led to the conducting portion of chamber 2. Thedelivery of steam is also likewise continued for. all succeeding' chambers 3 4.5,..

and so on. `This is accomplished in the example shown by separating the various turbine-chambers l 2 3 by vsteam-transfer channels or channel-pieces. These. latter consist of -two parts-the circular disk D, of equal diameter with the turbine-wheels A, and the ringshaped disk E, corresponding to the directordisks C. The intermediate disks D, with the turbine-wheels A, are arrangedy on the shaft F of the turbine, while the intermediate rings E, with director-disks C, are fitted into the housing Gr of the turbine. The intermediate disks D thus take part in the rotation of the turbine-shaft F, while the .intermediate rings E do not partake ofmotion.

another. It is, however, not difficult to fit them steam-tight to one another, as their walls can be made of sufficient thickness.

In the example shown a head or confiningdisk H is mounted on the shaft F, against which the turbine-wheels A of the iirst charnber are arranged, whereupon a steam-transfer channel D is slipped onto the shaft F. In like manner the turbine-wheels of the succeeding chambers and the transfer-channels D are arranged on the shaft F. In the example shown the first chamber 1 contains four turbine-wheels A the secondchamber live, the third chamber six, the fourth chamber seven, and the fifth chamber eight. After the last intermediate disk D is-in place all the disks on shaft F are pressed together by Both parts D v and E of the steam-conducting channels mustV .as far as possible make closure againstone the end disk J. A nut K or other means can be employed for this purpose. ner is effected the assemblage of the directrix or blades C and intermediate rings E, and this director-blade arrangement is likewise compressed by means of a closing-ring L. The steamV entering at inlet M passes first through the directrix-blade apparatus C of the first chamber and entering the turbinewheels A of this chamber imparts rotation thereto. The steam here utilized passes through openings N of Iturbine-wheels A of the first chamber into the intermediate disk D and fiows through its channels into those of the intermediate rings E, whence it is 'led to the directriX-blade apparatus of the next chamber. In likemanner the steam passes from one chamber to the other.

i If the turbine-wheels A are shaped as flat movable disks with fiat channels formed by milling, pressing, or otherwise, all being of equal width and equal diameter, they can be easily and cheaply produced on a manufacturing scale or basis. With the aid of a number of equal disks of this kind it is also possible by simple juxtaposition to construct turbines of increasing efiiciency without having to increase the diameter of the turbines. The elongation in axial direction is of small moment in the present class of turbines, because all disk-like turbine-wheels A, with intermediate disks D, can be secured close to one another on a common shaft, so that they form with the same a single rotating body of considerable rigidity. Notwithstanding required lengthening of the turbine in axial direction the shaft or axle itself is not disadvantageously loaded, but rather so stifened into one body by the entire structure that it cannot bend or distort.

Such turbines can be lutilized as well for steam as also for air or some desired gas. The pressure or motive agent being suitably passed through successive chambers Will act in each.

The directrices and wheels are shown in Fig. 4 on an enlarged scale with their ribs O and P.

In like man- WhatI claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A single-step turbine in which the steam passes radially through the blades comprising turbine-chambers for utilizing the diminishing steam or other pressure, and a group of turbine-wheels in each of said chambers, the number of disks for each group increasingin the direction of the flow of the moti-ve agent, said wheels being composed offiat disks of like dimension and like construction.

2. A single-step'radial turbine comprising chambers, turbine-wheels of increasing number in the successive chambers, and ringshaped directrix-wheels C of like form and dimension.

3. A turbine comprising chambers, wheels grouped in increasing number in the chambers, directrix wheels for the first-named wheels, and intermediate disks D arranged between the chambers and provided with transmission-channels for the pressure or steam.

4. A turbine comprising chambers, turbinewheels of increasing number in the chambers, ring-shaped directrix-wheels for the turbinewheels, and intermediate disks E between the directrix-wheels and provided with transmission-channels for the steam or pressure.

5. A turbine comprising chambers with a shaft, rotary turbine wheels of increasing number in the chambers and mounted on the shaft, intermediate disks having transmissionchannels also mounted on the shaft and made to rotate with the turbine-wheels, directrixdisks for the turbine-wheels, and non-rotary intermediate rings or disks E fitted into the chambers and having transmission-channels made to coact with the channels of the disks on the shaft.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ADOLF KUNZ.

Witnesses:

RUDOLPH FRICKE, B. H. WARNER, Jr. 

